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Summary of question
Where are the cities of Jabalqa and Jabarsa located?
question
I have read a passage where the Prophet Muhammad refers to two cities: Jābalqā and Jābarsā what are these cities?
Concise answer

The names of these two cities haven't been related in any of the authentic Shia sources (Kafi, Tahzib, Man La Yahdhuruhul-Faqih, Istibsar), but from the other sources that they have been mentioned in, assuming the reliability of these hadiths, it can be concluded that these two cities are in the imaginal realm (Alam Mithal), because according to the hadiths, one of them is located in the east and the other in the west, and all of their inhabitants are pious believers, and no signs of disobedience of Allah (swt) and following Shaytan and sin can be seen there.[1] Keeping such a description in mind, it can't be said that such cities ever existed in the world, because this world is the stage of obligation and temptation and evaluation and testing so that everyone can be put to the test and the good can be separated from the evil.

In other hadiths, these two cities have been used to denote the farthest distance between two points on the earth, and the distance between these two cities symbolizes the farthest distance possible.[2]


[1] Biharul-Anwar, vol. 54, pg. 332: کِتَابُ الْمُحْتَضَرِ، تَأْلِیفُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سُلَیْمَانَ مِمَّا رَوَاهُ مِنَ الْأَرْبَعِینَ لِسَعْدٍ الْإِرْبِلِیِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِی عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِی الْهَیْثَمِ خَالِدٍ الْأَرْمَنِیِّ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِالْمَشْرِقِ مَدِینَةً اسْمُهَا جَابَلْقَا لَهَا اثْنَا عَشَرَ أَلْفَ بَابٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ بَیْنَ کُلِّ بَابٍ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ فَرْسَخٌ عَلَى کُلِّ بَابٍ بُرْجٌ فِیهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ أَلْفَ مُقَاتِلٍ یَهْلُبُونَ الْخَیْلَ وَ یَشْهَرُونَ السَّیْفَ وَ السِّلَاحَ یَنْتَظِرُونَ قِیَامَ قَائِمِنَا وَ إِنِّی الْحُجَّةُ عَلَیْهِمْ.; Biharul-Anwar, vol. 54, pg. 333: کِتَابُ مُنْتَخَبِ الْبَصَائِرِ، وَ کِتَابُ الْمُحْتَضَرِ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِیسَى وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِیسَى الْیَقْطِینِیِّ عَنِ الْحُسَیْنِ بْنِ سَعِیدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ بُرَیْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مِیرَاثِ الْعِلْمِ مَا مَبْلَغُهُ أَ جَوَامِعُ مَا هُوَ مِنْ هَذَا الْعِلْمِ أَمْ تَفْسِیرُ کُلِّ شَیْ‏ءٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمُورِ الَّتِی نَتَکَلَّمُ فِیهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَدِینَتَیْنِ مَدِینَةً بِالْمَشْرِقِ وَ مَدِینَةً بِالْمَغْرِبِ فِیهِمَا قَوْمٌ لَا یَعْرِفُونَ إِبْلِیسَ وَ لَا یَعْلَمُونَ بِخَلْقِ إِبْلِیسَ نَلْقَاهُمْ فِی کُلِّ حِینٍ فَیَسْأَلُونَّا عَمَّا یَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَیْهِ وَ یَسْأَلُونَّا عَنِ الدُّعَاءِ فَنُعَلِّمُهُمْ وَ یَسْأَلُونَّا عَنْ قَائِمِنَا مَتَى یَظْهَرُ وَ فِیهِمْ عِبَادَةٌ وَ اجْتِهَادٌ شَدِیدٌ وَ لِمَدِینَتِهِمْ أَبْوَابٌ مَا بَیْنَ الْمِصْرَاعِ إِلَى الْمِصْرَاعِ مِائَةُ فَرْسَخٍ لَهُمْ تَقْدِیسٌ وَ تَمْجِیدٌ وَ دُعَاءٌ وَ اجْتِهَادٌ شَدِیدٌ لَوْ رَأَیْتُمُوهُمْ لَاحْتَقَرْتُمْ عَمَلَکُمْ یُصَلِّی الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ شَهْراً لَا یَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ مِنْ سَجْدَتِهِ طَعَامُهُمُ التَّسْبِیحُ وَ لِبَاسُهُمُ الْوَرَقُ وَ وُجُوهُهُمْ مُشْرِقَةٌ بِالنُّورِ إِذَا رَأَوْا مِنَّا وَاحِداً لَحَسُوهُ وَ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَیْهِ وَ أَخَذُوا مِنْ أَثَرِهِ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ یَتَبَرَّکُونَ بِهِ لَهُمْ دَوِیٌّ إِذَا صَلَّوْا کَأَشَدَّ مِنْ دَوِیِّ الرِّیحِ الْعَاصِفِ مِنْهُمْ جَمَاعَةٌ لَمْ یَضَعُوا السِّلَاحَ مُنْذُ کَانُوا یَنْتَظِرُونَ قَائِمَنَا یَدْعُونَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ یُرِیَهُمْ إِیَّاهُ وَ عُمُرُ أَحَدِهِمْ أَلْفُ سَنَةٍ إِذَا رَأَیْتَهُمْ رَأَیْتَ الْخُشُوعَ وَ الِاسْتِکَانَةَ وَ طَلَبَ مَا یُقَرِّبُهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِذَا احْتَبَسْنَا عَنْهُمْ ظَنُّوا أَنَّ ذَلِکَ مِنْ سَخَطٍ یَتَعَاهَدُونَ أَوْقَاتَنَا الَّتِی نَأْتِیهِمْ‏ فِیهَا لا یَسْأَمُونَ وَ لا یَفْتُرُونَ یَتْلُونَ کِتَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ کَمَا عَلَّمْنَاهُمْ وَ إِنَّ فِیمَا نُعَلِّمُهُمْ مَا لَوْ تُلِیَ عَلَى النَّاسِ لَکَفَرُوا بِهِ وَ لَأَنْکَرُوهُ یَسْأَلُونَّا عَنِ الشَّیْ‏ءِ إِذَا وَرَدَ عَلَیْهِمْ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ لَا یَعْرِفُونَهُ فَإِذَا أَخْبَرْنَاهُمْ بِهِ انْشَرَحَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ لِمَا یَسْتَمِعُونَ مِنَّا وَ سَأَلُوا لَنَا طُولَ الْبَقَاءِ وَ أَنْ لَا یَفْقِدُونَا وَ یَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ الْمِنَّةَ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَلَیْهِمْ فِیمَا نُعَلِّمُهُمْ عَظِیمَةٌ وَ لَهُمْ خَرْجَةٌ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ إِذَا قَامَ یَسْبِقُونَ فِیهَا أَصْحَابَ السِّلَاحِ وَ یَدْعُونَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ یَجْعَلَهُمْ مِمَّنْ یَنْتَصِرُ بِهِمْ لِدِینِهِ فِیهِمْ کُهُولٌ وَ شُبَّانٌ إِذَا رَأَى شَابٌّ مِنْهُمُ الْکَهْلَ جَلَسَ بَیْنَ یَدَیْهِ جِلْسَةَ الْعَبْدِ لَا یَقُومُ حَتَّى یَأْمُرَهُ لَهُمْ طَرِیقٌ هُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ إِلَى حَیْثُ یُرِیدُ الْإِمَامُ ع فَإِذَا أَمَرَهُمُ الْإِمَامُ بِأَمْرٍ قَامُوا عَلَیْهِ أَبَداً حَتَّى یَکُونَ هُوَ الَّذِی یَأْمُرُهُمْ بِغَیْرِهِ لَوْ أَنَّهُمْ وَرَدُوا عَلَى مَا بَیْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ لَأَفْنَوْهُمْ فِی سَاعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ لَا یَخْتَلُّ فِیهِمُ الْحَدِیدُ لَهُمْ سُیُوفٌ مِنْ حَدِیدٍ غَیْرِ هَذَا الْحَدِیدِ لَوْ ضَرَبَ أَحَدُهُمْ بِسَیْفِهِ جَبَلًا لَقَدَّهُ حَتَّى یَفْصِلَهُ وَ یَغْزُو بِهِمُ الْإِمَامُ ع الْهِنْدَ وَ الدَّیْلَمَ وَ الْکُرْدَ وَ الرُّومَ وَ بَرْبَرَ وَ فَارِسَ وَ بَیْنَ جَابَرْسَا إِلَى جَابَلْقَا وَ هُمَا مَدِینَتَانِ وَاحِدَةٌ بِالْمَشْرِقِ وَ وَاحِدَةٌ بِالْمَغْرِبِ لَا یَأْتُونَ عَلَى أَهْلِ دِینٍ إِلَّا دَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَ الْإِقْرَارِ بِمُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ التَّوْحِیدِ وَ وَلَایَتِنَا أَهْلَ الْبَیْتِ فَمَنْ أَجَابَ مِنْهُمْ وَ دَخَلَ فِی الْإِسْلَامِ تَرَکُوهُ وَ أَمَّرُوا عَلَیْهِ أَمِیراً مِنْهُمْ وَ مَنْ لَمْ یُجِبْ وَ لَمْ یُقِرَّ بِمُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ لَمْ یُقِرَّ بِالْإِسْلَامِ وَ لَمْ یُسْلِمْ قَتَلُوهُ حَتَّى لَا یَبْقَى بَیْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ مَا دُونَ الْجَبَلِ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا آمَنَ ...

[2] Biharul-Anwar, vol. 54, pg. 327: الْبَصَائِرُ، عَنْ یَعْقُوبَ بْنِ یَزِیدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِی عُمَیْرٍ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ عَنْ أَبِی‏ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع یَرْفَعُ الْحَدِیثَ إِلَى الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِیٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَدِینَتَیْنِ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِالْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْأُخْرَى بِالْمَغْرِبِ عَلَیْهِمَا سُورَانِ مِنْ حَدِیدٍ وَ عَلَى کُلِّ مَدِینَةٍ أَلْفُ أَلْفِ مِصْرَاعٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَ فِیهَا سَبْعِینَ أَلْفَ أَلْفِ لُغَةٍ یَتَکَلَّمُ کُلٌّ لُغَةً بِخِلَافِ لُغَةِ صَاحِبِهِ وَ أَنَا أَعْرِفُ جَمِیعَ اللُّغَاتِ وَ مَا فِیهِمَا وَ مَا بَیْنَهُمَا وَ مَا عَلَیْهِمَا حُجَّةٌ غَیْرِی وَ الْحُسَیْنِ أَخِی و منه عن أحمد بن الحسین عن أبیه بهذا الإسناد مثله

Question translations in other languages
  • : شهرهای جابلقا و جابرسا (جابلسا) در کجا قرار دارند؟
    • 22368 تاريخ کلام 2010/02/02
    درکتب معتبر روایی شیعه (کافی، تهذیب، من لایحضره الفقیه، استبصار) نام این دو شهر نیامده است، اما در روایاتی در دیگر کتاب ها مطالبی در باره این دو شهر آمده است که از مجموع آن روایات (بر فرض معتبر بودن)
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